The Graveyard › Banks
Bank failures since 1934
The FDIC lists 4,117 US banks and savings institutions that failed or were given assistance, from April 19, 1934 to July 17, 2026: 3,524 failures and 593 assistance transactions. Each has a page: where it was, when it ended, what it held, and what the FDIC expects to lose on it.
By decade
| Decade | Banks |
|---|---|
| 1930s | 312 |
| 1940s | 99 |
| 1950s | 28 |
| 1960s | 44 |
| 1970s | 79 |
| 1980s | 2,036 |
| 1990s | 925 |
| 2000s | 210 |
| 2010s | 367 |
| 2020s | 17 |
The biggest failures
By assets at the last report before the failure, in dollars of the day. Assistance transactions are on the year pages.
- Washington Mutual Bank · Henderson, NV · 2008 · $307.0 billion in assets
- First Republic Bank · San Francisco, CA · 2023 · $212.6 billion in assets
- Silicon Valley Bank · Santa Clara, CA · 2023 · $209.0 billion in assets
- Signature Bank · New York, NY · 2023 · $110.4 billion in assets
- IndyMac Bank, F.S.B. · Pasadena, CA · 2008 · $30.7 billion in assets
- Colonial Bank · Montgomery, AL · 2009 · $25.5 billion in assets
- First Republicbank-Dallas, N.A. · Dallas, TX · 1988 · $17.1 billion in assets
- Guaranty Bank · Austin, TX · 2009 · $13.5 billion in assets
- Bank of New England, National Association · Boston, MA · 1991 · $13.4 billion in assets
- Gibraltar Savings, FA · Simi Valley, CA · 1989 · $13.4 billion in assets
- BankUnited, FSB · Coral Gables, FL · 2009 · $13.1 billion in assets
- Downey Savings and Loan Association, F.A. · Newport Beach, CA · 2008 · $12.8 billion in assets
- Homefed Bank, FA · San Diego, CA · 1992 · $12.2 billion in assets
- AmTrust Bank · Cleveland, OH · 2009 · $11.4 billion in assets
- Southeast Bank, National Association · Miami, FL · 1991 · $11.0 billion in assets
- United Commercial Bank · San Francisco, CA · 2009 · $10.9 billion in assets
- Westernbank Puerto Rico · Mayaguez, PR · 2010 · $10.8 billion in assets
- Goldome · Buffalo, NY · 1991 · $9.9 billion in assets
- City Savings, FSB · Somerset, NJ · 1989 · $9.8 billion in assets
- Imperial Federal Savings Association · San Diego, CA · 1990 · $9.6 billion in assets
- Great American Fsa · San Diego, CA · 1991 · $9.5 billion in assets
- Franklin Fsa · Ottawa · 1990 · $9.3 billion in assets
- Centrust Bank, SB · Miami, FL · 1990 · $8.2 billion in assets
- Empire of America FSB · Buffalo, NY · 1990 · $8.2 billion in assets
- California National Bank · Los Angeles, CA · 2009 · $7.8 billion in assets
- Crossland Savings Bank, FSB · Brooklyn, NY · 1992 · $7.4 billion in assets
- The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co · Hartford, CT · 1991 · $7.2 billion in assets
- Corus Bank, N.A. · Chicago, IL · 2009 · $7.0 billion in assets
- MBank Dallas, National Association · Dallas, TX · 1989 · $6.6 billion in assets
- Merabank FSB · Phoenix, AZ · 1990 · $6.3 billion in assets
- First Federal Bank of California, a Federal Savings Bank · Santa Monica, CA · 2009 · $6.1 billion in assets
- Sunbelt Savings · Irving, TX · 1991 · $6.0 billion in assets
- Doral Bank · San Juan, PR · 2015 · $5.9 billion in assets
- Republic Bank · Philadelphia, PA · 2024 · $5.9 billion in assets
- R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico · Hato Rey, PR · 2010 · $5.7 billion in assets
- Western Savings & Loan · Phoenix, AZ · 1989 · $5.7 billion in assets
- Columbia Savings and Loan Association · Beverly Hills, CA · 1991 · $5.4 billion in assets
- Southwest Savings Association · Dallas, TX · 1990 · $5.3 billion in assets
- Atlantic Financial Savings · Bala Cynwyd, PA · 1990 · $5.3 billion in assets
- Franklin Bank, S.S.B. · Houston, TX · 2008 · $5.1 billion in assets
By year
1934 (9) · 1935 (25) · 1936 (69) · 1937 (75) · 1938 (74) · 1939 (60) · 1940 (43) · 1941 (15) · 1942 (20) · 1943 (5) · 1944 (2) · 1945 (1) · 1946 (1) · 1947 (5) · 1948 (3) · 1949 (4) · 1950 (4) · 1951 (2) · 1952 (3) · 1953 (2) · 1954 (2) · 1955 (5) · 1956 (2) · 1957 (1) · 1958 (4) · 1959 (3) · 1960 (1) · 1961 (5) · 1962 (1) · 1963 (2) · 1964 (7) · 1965 (5) · 1966 (7) · 1967 (4) · 1968 (3) · 1969 (9) · 1970 (7) · 1971 (7) · 1972 (2) · 1973 (6) · 1974 (4) · 1975 (13) · 1976 (17) · 1977 (6) · 1978 (7) · 1979 (10) · 1980 (22) · 1981 (40) · 1982 (119) · 1983 (99) · 1984 (106) · 1985 (180) · 1986 (204) · 1987 (262) · 1988 (470) · 1989 (534) · 1990 (382) · 1991 (271) · 1992 (181) · 1993 (50) · 1994 (15) · 1995 (8) · 1996 (6) · 1997 (1) · 1998 (3) · 1999 (8) · 2000 (7) · 2001 (4) · 2002 (11) · 2003 (3) · 2004 (4) · 2007 (3) · 2008 (30) · 2009 (148) · 2010 (157) · 2011 (92) · 2012 (51) · 2013 (24) · 2014 (18) · 2015 (8) · 2016 (5) · 2017 (8) · 2019 (4) · 2020 (4) · 2023 (5) · 2024 (2) · 2025 (2) · 2026 (4)
Stocks that died are in the Graveyard.
History, not advice.
Source: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, BankFind Suite API. Source values and institutional identifiers are retained; formatting and normalization by Underfolio. No FDIC endorsement is implied. How these numbers are made · Report a data issue.